List_of_basic_economics_topics

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For a more comprehensive list, see the List of economics topics.

Economics, is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of resources. By extension, economics also studies economies, the creation and distribution of wealth, the abundance and scarcity of resources, and human welfare.

The following list of topics is provided as an overview of and introduction to economics:

Contents 1 Nature of economics 2 Branches of economics 2.1 Subdisciplines of economics 2.2 Methodologies of economics 2.3 Multidisciplinary fields involving economics 3 Types of economies 3.1 Economies, by ideological structure 3.2 Economies, by scope 3.3 Economies, by regulation 4 Market forms 5 Economics by region 6 History of economics 7 General economics topics 8 Economics scholars 9 Economics lists 10 See also 11 External links 11.1 General information 11.2 Institutions and organizations 11.3 Study resources

Nature of economics

Main article: Economics

Business Economy

Finance

Trade

Branches of economics

Macroeconomics

Microeconomics

Subdisciplines of economics

Attention economics Behavioural economics Bioeconomics Contract theory Development economics Econometrics Economic geography Economic history Economic sociology Energy economics Entrepreneurial Economics

Environmental economics Feminist economics Financial economics Green economics Industrial organization Information economics International economics Institutional economics knowledge economics Labor economics

Law and Economics Managerial economics Mathematical economics Monetary economics Public finance Public economics Platform economics Real estate economics Regional Science Resource economics Socialist economics Welfare economics

Methodologies of economics

Behavioural economics Computational economics

Econometrics Evolutionary economics

Experimental economics Social psychology

Multidisciplinary fields involving economics

Neuroeconomics Political economy

Socioeconomics

Transport economics

Types of economies

Main articles: Economy and Economic system

An economy is the system of human activities related to the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area.

Economies, by ideological structure

Capitalist economy Communist economy Corporate economy Fascist economy

Laissez-faire Mercantilism Natural economy

Primitive communism Social market economy Socialist economy

Economies, by scope

Anglo-Saxon economy American School Global economy Hunter-gatherer economy

Information economy New industrial economy Palace economy Plantation economy

Token economy Traditional economy Transition economy

Economies, by regulation

Closed economy Dual economy Gift economy Informal economy

Market economy Mixed economy Open economy Participatory economy

Planned economy Subsistence economy Underground economy Virtual economy

Market forms

Main article: Market form

• Perfect competition, in which the market consists of a very large number of firms producing a homogeneous product.
• Monopolistic competition, also called competitive market, where there are a large number of independent firms which have a very small proportion of the market share.
• Monopoly, where there is only one provider of a product or service.
• Monopsony, when there is only one buyer in a market.
• Natural monopoly, a monopoly in which economies of scale cause efficiency to increase continuously with the size of the firm.
• Oligopoly, in which a market is dominated by a small number of firms which own more than 40% of the market share.
• Oligopsony, a market dominated by many sellers and a few buyers.

Economics by region

Main article: Economies of present-day nations and states

v • d • e Economy of Africa
Sovereign states	Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d\'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) · Djibouti · Egypt · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe
Dependencies, autonomies and other territories	Canary Islands (Spain) · Ceuta (Spain) · Madeira (Portugal) · Mayotte (France) · Melilla (Spain) · Puntland · Réunion (France) · St. Helena (UK) · Socotra (Yemen) · Somaliland · South Sudan · Western Sahara · Zanzibar (Tanzania)

v • d • e Economy of North America
Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama* · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago* · United States
Dependencies and other territories	-->Anguilla · Aruba* · Bermuda · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Greenland · Guadeloupe · Martinique · Montserrat · Navassa Island · Netherlands Antilles* · Puerto Rico · Saint Barthélemy · Saint Martin · Saint Pierre and Miquelon · Turks and Caicos Islands · U. S. Virgin Islands
* Territories also in or commonly reckoned elsewhere in the Americas (South America).

v • d • e Economy of South America
Sovereign states	-->Argentina · Bolivia · Brazil · Chile · Colombia · Ecuador · Guyana · Panama* · Paraguay · Peru · Suriname · Trinidad and Tobago* · Uruguay · Venezuela
Dependencies	-->Aruba* (Netherlands) · Falkland Islands (UK) · French Guiana (France) · Netherlands Antilles* (Netherlands) · South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK)
* Territories also in or commonly reckoned elsewhere in the Americas (North America).

v • d • e Economy of Asia
Sovereign states and other territories	Afghanistan · Armenia · Azerbaijan1 · Bahrain · Bangladesh · Bhutan · Brunei · Burma · Cambodia · China (People\'s Republic of China  · Republic of China (Taiwan)) · Cyprus · East Timor1 · Egypt1 · Georgia1 · India · Indonesia1 · Iran · Iraq · Israel · Japan · Jordan · Kazakhstan1 · Korea (North Korea · South Korea) · Kuwait · Kyrgyzstan · Laos · Lebanon · Malaysia · Maldives · Mongolia · Nepal · Northern Cyprus2 · Oman · Pakistan · Palestinian territories3 · Philippines · Qatar · Russia1 · Saudi Arabia · Singapore · Sri Lanka · Syria · Tajikistan · Thailand · Turkey1 · Turkmenistan · United Arab Emirates · Uzbekistan · Vietnam · Yemen1
1countries spanning more than one continent 2 Northern Cyprus is not officially recognized by the United Nations, recognized only by Turkey 3 The Palestinian Territories is not a fully independent entity.

v • d • e Economy of Europe
Sovereign states	Albania · Andorra · Armenia1 · Austria · Azerbaijan2 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus1 · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia2 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan3 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia3 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey3 · Ukraine · United Kingdom (England · Scotland · Northern Ireland · Wales)
Dependencies, autonomies, other territories	Abkhazia2, x · Adjara1 · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Åland · Azores · Crimea · Faroe Islands · Gagauzia · Gibraltar · Greenland4 · Guernsey · Jan Mayen · Jersey · Kosovox · Isle of Man · Madeira5 · Nagorno-Karabakh1, x · Nakhchivan1 · Northern Cyprus1 x · South Ossetia2, x · Svalbard · Republika Srpska · Transnistriax
Included because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe: 1 Entirely in Southwest Asia. 2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border. 3 Mostly in Asia. 4 Entirely in the North American Plate. 5 Entirely on the African Plate. x Unrecognised country.

v • d • e Economy of Oceania
Australasia	Australia · Norfolk Island · Christmas Island · Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Melanesia	East Timor1 · Fiji · Indonesia1 · New Caledonia · Papua New Guinea · Solomon Islands · Vanuatu
Micronesia	Guam · Kiribati · Marshall Islands · Northern Mariana Islands · Federated States of Micronesia · Nauru · Palau
Polynesia	American Samoa · Cook Islands · French Polynesia · New Zealand · Niue · Pitcairn · Samoa · Tokelau · Tonga · Tuvalu · Wallis and Futuna
1 countries spanning more than one continent

History of economics

Main article: History of economic thought

• Economics of classical antiquity
  • Aristotle
    • Nicomachean Ethics
• Economics in the Middle Ages: Feudalism and Manorialism
• Economics of the Renaissance: Mercantilism
• Economics of the Age of Enlightenment
  • British Enlightenment
    • John Locke
    • Dudley North
    • David Hume
  • French Enlightenment: Physiocracy
    • François Quesnay
      • Tableau économique
    • Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune
      • Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth
• Economics of the Industrial Revolution: Classical economics, Political economy
  • Adam Smith (the father of economics)
    • Wealth of Nations

General economics topics

Agent Aggregate demand Aggregate supply Agricultural policy Antitrust Arbitrage Balance of trade Big Mac Index Big Push Model Black market Business cycle Cash crop Canadian and American economies compared Capital Capital asset Capital intensity Capitalism Cartel Catch-up effect Central bank Chicago school Classical economics Collective action Collusion Commodity Commodity markets Community currency Comparative advantage Competition Competitive advantage Complement good Complementarity Consumer Consumer and producer surplus Consumer price index Consumerism Consumer theory Consumption Cost Cost-benefit analysis Cost-of-living index Cost-of-production theory of value Currency Decentralization Debt Deflation Depression Devaluation Disinflation Disposable income Distribution (economics) Dollar Economic data Economic growth Economic indicator Economic profits Economic modeling Economic reports Economic subjectivism Economic system Economies of agglomeration Economies of scale Economies of scope Economy Efficiency wage hypothesis Efficient market hypothesis Elasticity Employment Entrepreneur Entrepreneurship Environmental finance Euro Event study Experience economy Export Externality Factors of production Factor price equalization Fair trade Federal Reserve Finance Financial capital Financial instruments Fiscal neutrality Fiscal policy Free goods Free trade Full-reserve banking Game theory General equilibrium Globalization Gold Standard Goods Government-granted monopoly

Gross domestic product Gross national product History of economic thought Home economics Human capital Human development theory Hyperinflation Import Import substitution Incentive Income Income elasticity of demand Income tax Income velocity of money Individual capital Induced demand Industrial policy Industrial Revolution Industrialisation Inferior goods Inflation Input-output model Interest International trade Investment Investment policy Invisible Hand Keynes, John Maynard Keynesian economics Knowledge-based economy Labor market Labor theory of value Laissez-faire Land Land value tax List of scholarly journals in economics Living wage Local currency Local purchasing Lorenz curve Macroeconomics Marginalism Market Market (economics) Market economy Market failure Market form Market power Market share Market system Market transparency Marxist economics Means of production Measures of national income Measuring well-being Medium of exchange Mental accounting Menu costs Mercantilism Mergers and acquisitions Minimum wage Missing market Model - economics Model - macroeconomics Modern portfolio theory Monetarism Monetary policy Monetary reform Money Money supply Monopoly profit Moral hazard Moral purchasing Multiplier (economics) National income Natural capital Natural Capitalism Natural gross domestic product Nature\'s services Neoclassical economics Neoclassical Revolution Neo-classical growth model Neo-Keynesian Economics Network effect Network externality New classical economics New Keynesian economics Normal goods Operations research Opportunity cost Output Parable of the broken window Pareto efficiency Participatory economics Petrocurrency

Poverty Poverty level Preference Price discrimination Price elasticity of demand Price points Production, costs, and pricing Production function Production theory basics Productivism Productivity Profit Profit maximization Prospect theory Public choice theory Public bad Public debt Public good Purchasing power parity Rate of return pricing Rational choice theory Rational expectations Rational pricing Reaganomics Real business cycle Real versus nominal in economics Recession List of recessions Regression analysis Reserve currency Returns to scale Risk premium Safe trade Sales tax Saving Scarcity Seven-generation sustainability Slavery Social capital Social cost Social credit Social welfare Socialism Specialization Stagflation Standard of living Stock exchange Subsidy Subsistence agriculture Substitute good Sunk cost Supply and demand Supply-side economics Surplus value Sustainable competitive advantage Sustainable development Sweatshop Tax Tax, tariff and trade Tariff Terms of trade Technostructure Time-based currency Time preference theory of interest The Theory of Moral Sentiments by Adam Smith Time value of money Trade Trade bloc Trade pact Trader Ethic Transaction cost Triple bottom line Trust Utility Utility Maximization Problem Utilitarianism UN Human Development Index Uneconomic growth Unemployment United States dollar U.S. public debt Value Value added Value of Earth Value of life Value-added tax Virtuous circle and vicious circle Wage rate Wealth X-efficiency Yen Yield Zero sum game Zone pricing

Economics scholars

• List of economists

Economics lists

Main article: List of economics topics

• List of economies by country
• List of economists

See also

Find more about Economics on Wikipedia\'s sister projects:
	Dictionary definitions
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• List of accounting topics
• List of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of business topics
• List of business law topics
• List of business theorists
• List of community topics
• List of corporate leaders
• List of finance topics
• List of human resource management topics
• List of information technology management topics
• List of international trade topics
• List of management topics
• List of marketing topics
• List of production topics

v • d • e List resources
Topic lists (Basic topic lists) · Glossaries · Countries · People · Timelines

External links

General information

Find more about Economics on Wikipedia\'s sister projects:
	Dictionary definitions
	Textbooks
	Quotations
	Source texts
	Images and media
	News stories
	Learning resources

Wikibooks\' Wikiversity has more about this subject:

School of Economics

• Economics at the Open Directory Project
• Resources For Economists: Official resource guide of the American Economic Association
• Research Papers in Economics (RePEc): huge database of preprints and other research
• Economic journals on the web
• Intute: Economics: Searchable human catalogue of the best links for teaching and research in Economics
• International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
• International Journal of Social Sciences
• [http://www.economiasocial.com.ve/ Blog Economic Social (Spanish Venezuela)

Institutions and organizations

• Economics Departments, Institutes and Research Centers in the World
• Organization For Co-operation and Economic Development (OECD) Statistics
• United Nations Statistics Division
• World Bank Data
• World Trade Organization
• Center for Economic and Policy Research (USA)

Study resources

• Economics textbooks on Wikibooks
• MERLOT Learning Materials: Economics: US-based database of learning materials
• The United economic encyclopedia
• Online Learning and Teaching Materials for Economics: The Economics Network (UK)\'s database of text, slides, glossaries and other resources
• MIT OpenCourseWare: Economics: Archive of study materials from MIT courses
• A guide to several online economics textbooks
• The Library of Economics and Liberty (Econlib): Economics Books, Articles, Blog (EconLog), Podcasts (EconTalk)
• Schools of Thought: Compare various economic schools of thought on particular issues
• Economics at About.com
• Ask The Professor section of EH. Net Economic History Services
• Introduction to Economics: Short Creative commons-licensed introduction to basic economics

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